Samrat (PDM 139)
An early, MYMV-tolerant variety long grown in eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, valued for reliability under yellow-mosaic pressure.
Quick facts
- Type
- Open-pollinated
- Season
- Kharif
- Maturity period
- 60–65 days
- Expected yield
- 10–12 q/ha
- Suitable soil
- Loam
- Disease resistance
- Tolerant to yellow mosaic virus
- Release
- ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur — released 2001 by the State Variety Release Committee (SVRC), Uttar Pradesh
Actual yield depends on sowing time, soil, irrigation, weather, seed quality and crop management.
About this variety
Samrat (PDM 139) is a moong (green gram) variety released in 2001 by the State Variety Release Committee (SVRC), Uttar Pradesh, developed by ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur. An IIPR variety listing gives it a maturity of 58–62 days, a yield of 10–12 q/ha, MYMV resistance and a shining green seed coat — the official recommendation is specifically for Uttar Pradesh.
Should you pick this variety?
Choose Samrat if you farm in eastern Uttar Pradesh or Bihar in kharif and yellow mosaic is the risk you fear most. It takes 60–65 days (ICAR-IIPR lists 58–62), no faster than SML 668 or Pusa Vishal, and has shining green seed. Its 10 to 12 q/ha is level with Pusa Vishal's planning figure and under what Shikha lists, which is why it is a choice made for the disease cover and the local fit, not for yield. It was released by the Uttar Pradesh state committee, so in Bihar it is used by long habit, not by a Bihar notification. Choose IPM 410-3 (Shikha) instead if you are in the north-west or central zone and want 13–16 q/ha. Choose IPM 205-7 (Virat) if you need the field back sooner.
Sowing & cultivation
Advantages & considerations
Things to consider
- IIPR's official recommendation is specifically for Uttar Pradesh (an SVRC-UP release), while Bihar is also listed above. Bihar reflects the variety's long, well-documented informal regional use, even though it falls outside the formal state-committee notification.
Suitable regions
States this variety is recommended for — check locally, since a state can have more than one recommended zone.
- Uttar Pradesh
- Bihar
Reading the Uttar Pradesh and Bihar line before you buy seed
Samrat is an Uttar Pradesh release. The State Variety Release Committee of Uttar Pradesh released it in 2001, and ICAR-IIPR's listing names Uttar Pradesh. Farmers in Bihar have grown it for a long time, but there is no separate Bihar notification.
That does not make it a poor choice in Bihar. It means you should check two things before you buy. Ask your KVK or the state seed agency whether it is recommended for your district now, and buy only labelled seed from a registered seller.
If you are unsure, sow one plot of Samrat beside a variety your KVK recommends for your area. Compare two things in both plots: how many plants show yellow mosaic, and what each plot gives at harvest. Sow the larger area next season with whichever did better.
Can you keep your own planting material?
This is an open-pollinated variety, so seed from a healthy crop of your own can be sown again. Keep seed only from disease-free plants, dry it properly, store it cool and dry, and bring in fresh certified seed every three to four years so the variety does not drift.
How it compares with other varieties
Every Moong (Green Gram) variety with a page on this site, side by side. The row for this page is highlighted.
| Variety | Best for | Maturity | Yield | States |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPM 02-3 | A well-tested north-west moong for kharif or summer, with strong yellow mosaic resistance | 65–70 days | 12–15 q/ha | Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh |
| IPM 205-7 (Virat) | The fastest moong on this list, about 55 days, with three disease resistances | 52–56 days | 13–15 q/ha | Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh |
| IPM 410-3 (Shikha) | High published yield and pods that ripen together, so fewer pickings and a smaller labour bill | 60–65 days | 13–16 q/ha | Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh |
| Pusa Vishal | Very bold, shiny moong grain that earns a better market grade, for summer sowing in the north-west | 60–65 days | 10–12 q/ha | Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh |
| Samrat (PDM 139)this page | Early kharif moong for eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, where yellow mosaic is the worry | 60–65 days | 10–12 q/ha | Uttar Pradesh, Bihar |
| SML 668 | A short, dwarf moong for the gap between wheat harvest and the next kharif sowing | 60–65 days | 8–10 q/ha | Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh |
Tools for this crop
The numbers you need next: how much seed to buy, whether the lot germinates, what the fertilizer bill looks like and what Moong (Green Gram) is selling for.
- Seed Rate CalculatorHow much seed your Moong (Green Gram) plot needs, corrected for the germination of the lot you bought.
- Germination CalculatorTest 100 seeds from the bag before sowing and see whether the lot is fit to sow.
- Seed Variety FinderFilter every Moong (Green Gram) variety on this site by state, season, duration and soil.
- Fertilizer CalculatorTurn the NPK recommendation for Moong (Green Gram) into bags of urea, DAP and MOP for your field size.
- Crop CalendarMonth-by-month sowing, weeding, irrigation and harvest dates for Moong (Green Gram) in your state.
- Crop Profit CalculatorPut your seed, labour and input costs against the yield you expect from this variety.
- Mandi Price CheckerToday's Moong (Green Gram) rate in your nearest mandi, before you fix a price with a trader.
Subsidy and government support
Schemes that help with the cost of Moong (Green Gram) seed or planting material. Rules and the application route are on each scheme page.
Frequently asked questions
Who released Samrat (PDM 139) and when?
ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, developed it, and the State Variety Release Committee of Uttar Pradesh released it in 2001.
Is Samrat officially recommended for Bihar too?
IIPR's own listing shows it as a Uttar Pradesh-specific state release; Bihar is listed here too, reflecting the variety's long informal regional use there rather than a second official notification.
What does Samrat seed look like?
It has a shining green seed coat, a trait IIPR's own variety listing specifically notes.
How much yield does Samrat give?
ICAR-IIPR's listing gives 10–12 q/ha.
Why do farmers in eastern UP and Bihar keep growing Samrat?
For its reliability under the region's higher yellow-mosaic-virus pressure rather than for peak yield — its MYMV resistance matters more there than squeezing out the last quintal per hectare.
Is Samrat resistant or only tolerant to yellow mosaic?
It is listed here as tolerant, and ICAR-IIPR's listing calls it MYMV resistant. Either way, it is the main reason people grow it where the virus is common. Tolerant plants can still show some yellow leaves, so keep watching for whitefly.
How many days should I plan for Samrat, 58–62 or 60–65?
The figure used here is 60–65 days. ICAR-IIPR's own listing gives 58–62 days. Plan the next crop on the longer figure and take any extra days as a bonus.
Is Samrat better than Virat or Shikha?
Not on the published numbers. Virat is ready in 52–56 days and Shikha gives 13–16 q/ha, against Samrat's 60–65 days and 10–12 q/ha. Samrat's strength is its long use in eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bihar under yellow mosaic pressure.
I farm in the north-west. Should I sow Samrat?
Samrat is listed for Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, and it was released by the Uttar Pradesh state committee in 2001. For the north-west or the central zone, IPM 410-3 (Shikha) was released for those zones and gives 13–16 q/ha. Use Samrat there only if your KVK recommends it for your district.
Can I save Samrat seed for next year?
Yes. Samrat is an open-pollinated variety, so seed from your own crop grows true to type. Select seed from healthy plants with no yellow mosaic, because the disease is the thing you fear in it. Dry the pods well, store the seed dry, and renew with certified seed after a few seasons.