IPU 02-43
From ICAR-IIPR Kanpur — a South Zone release with a wider resistance stack (MYMV plus powdery mildew) than most northern urad, in a shorter 70–72 days.
Quick facts
- Type
- Open-pollinated
- Season
- Kharif
- Maturity period
- 70–72 days
- Expected yield
- 10–12 q/ha
- Suitable soil
- Loam
- Disease resistance
- MYMV and powdery mildew resistant
- Release
- Released 2008 per ICAR-IIPR's current variety database (a separate IIPR document reports 2009 — not reconciled here) for the South Zone.
Actual yield depends on sowing time, soil, irrigation, weather, seed quality and crop management.
About this variety
IPU 02-43 is a blackgram (urdbean) variety bred by ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, notified for the South Zone. ICAR-IIPR's variety database gives a 2008 release year, matures in 70–72 days at a potential yield of 10–12 q/ha, and lists it resistant to both Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) and powdery mildew — a wider resistance stack than many northern urad releases carry. A 2026 Frontiers in Genetics study lists its pedigree as DPU88-31 × DUR-1. A separate, older ICAR-IIPR release, IPU 94-1 — commercially sold as 'Uttara' — is covered on its own page; see 'IPU 94-1 (Uttara)'. 'Uttara' is not an alternate name for IPU 02-43.
Should you pick this variety?
Choose IPU 02-43 if you farm in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu or Odisha. It is the South Zone release, with 70–72 days, 10–12 q/ha and resistance to both yellow mosaic and powdery mildew, a wider cover than many northern urad releases. Do not buy it believing it is Uttara, because that name belongs to IPU 94-1, which is for the north-west and north-east plains and takes 80–85 days. Choose Uttara instead if you farm in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh or Bihar.
Sowing & cultivation
Advantages & considerations
Why farmers may choose it
- Resistant to both Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) and powdery mildew per ICAR-IIPR's own variety database — a wider resistance stack than many single-disease-resistant urad releases.
- The shortest duration among this crop's sourced South Zone releases (70–72 days), useful where a tight turnaround to the next crop matters.
Things to consider
- IPU 02-43 and IPU 94-1 (Uttara) are two distinct ICAR-IIPR releases with different release years, durations, yields and recommended zones per the institute's own variety database — 'Uttara' belongs only to IPU 94-1, see that record.
- ICAR-IIPR's current variety database gives a 2008 release year; a separate IIPR document reports 2009. Both years are stated here rather than one being preferred or averaged.
- The states listed here (Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha) follow the South Zone in ICAR-IIPR's variety database.
Suitable regions
States this variety is recommended for — check locally, since a state can have more than one recommended zone.
- Karnataka
- Andhra Pradesh
- Tamil Nadu
- Odisha
Check the bag: IPU 02-43 is not Uttara
Two ICAR-IIPR urad varieties are often mixed up because both start with IPU. IPU 02-43 was released in 2008 for the South Zone. IPU 94-1, sold as Uttara, was released in 1999 for the north-west and north-east plains.
Read three things on the seed label: the variety name, the lot or tag number, and the zone or state the seed is meant for. If a seller says Uttara and IPU 02-43 are the same variety, they are wrong. Ask for the tag and buy from a registered dealer.
The difference shows up in the calendar too. IPU 02-43 takes 70–72 days, and a bag of Uttara would stay in the field 8–15 days longer.
Can you keep your own planting material?
This is an open-pollinated variety, so seed from a healthy crop of your own can be sown again. Keep seed only from disease-free plants, dry it properly, store it cool and dry, and bring in fresh certified seed every three to four years so the variety does not drift.
How it compares with other varieties
Every Urad (Black Gram) variety with a page on this site, side by side. The row for this page is highlighted.
| Variety | Best for | Maturity | Yield | States |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPU 02-43this page | The South Zone's short urad, 70–72 days, with yellow mosaic and powdery mildew cover | 70–72 days | 10–12 q/ha | Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha |
| IPU 94-1 (Uttara) | Higher-yield north Indian urad, 12–14 q/ha, with well-proven yellow mosaic resistance | 80–85 days | 12–14 q/ha | Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar |
| Mash 338 | An older Punjab kharif urad with bold black seed, still grown but no longer PAU's newest | 85–90 days | Medium (~8.6–8.7 q/ha) | Punjab |
| Pant U 31 | The proven Gangetic plain urad, insensitive to day length, resistant to yellow mosaic, 70–75 days | 70–75 days | 9–11 q/ha | Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar |
| Shekhar-3 | Uttar Pradesh urad covered against four diseases: yellow mosaic, leaf crinkle, leaf spot and powdery mildew | 75–80 days | Medium–high | Uttar Pradesh |
| T-9 | The parent of most Indian urad: an old, medium-yield variety for Uttar Pradesh fields with little whitefly | 70–75 days | Medium | Uttar Pradesh |
| TAU 1 (Taru) | Urad for Haryana and Rajasthan with yellow mosaic and powdery mildew cover, from HAU Hisar | 75–80 days | 10–12 q/ha | Haryana, Rajasthan, Punjab |
Tools for this crop
The numbers you need next: how much seed to buy, whether the lot germinates, what the fertilizer bill looks like and what Urad (Black Gram) is selling for.
- Seed Rate CalculatorHow much seed your Urad (Black Gram) plot needs, corrected for the germination of the lot you bought.
- Germination CalculatorTest 100 seeds from the bag before sowing and see whether the lot is fit to sow.
- Seed Variety FinderFilter every Urad (Black Gram) variety on this site by state, season, duration and soil.
- Fertilizer CalculatorTurn the NPK recommendation for Urad (Black Gram) into bags of urea, DAP and MOP for your field size.
- Crop CalendarMonth-by-month sowing, weeding, irrigation and harvest dates for Urad (Black Gram) in your state.
- Crop Profit CalculatorPut your seed, labour and input costs against the yield you expect from this variety.
- Mandi Price CheckerToday's Urad (Black Gram) rate in your nearest mandi, before you fix a price with a trader.
Subsidy and government support
Schemes that help with the cost of Urad (Black Gram) seed or planting material. Rules and the application route are on each scheme page.
Frequently asked questions
Is IPU 02-43 the same variety as Uttara?
No. ICAR-IIPR's own variety database lists IPU 02-43 (2008, South Zone) and IPU 94-1, commercially sold as 'Uttara' (1999, North West and North East Plain Zones), as two separate releases; see 'IPU 94-1 (Uttara)' for the other variety.
Why isn't IPU 02-43 recommended for Uttar Pradesh or Bihar?
IPU 02-43 is a South Zone release, recommended for Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Odisha. The Uttar Pradesh/Bihar recommendation belongs to the separate IPU 94-1 (Uttara) release instead.
What is the parentage of IPU 02-43?
A 2026 Frontiers in Genetics study lists it as DPU88-31 × DUR-1. IPU 94-1 (Uttara) is a different cross, NP 19 × T-9, so the two are not the same variety.
How does IPU 02-43 compare with Uttara on days and yield?
IPU 02-43 gives 10–12 q/ha in 70–72 days. Uttara gives 12–14 q/ha in 80–85 days. So you give up about 2 q/ha and save about ten days in the field.
Is IPU 02-43 a 2008 or a 2009 release?
ICAR-IIPR's variety database says 2008, and another IIPR document says 2009. The year does not change how you grow it. What matters is the South Zone recommendation and the 70–72 days.
Can I use Uttara in the South instead of IPU 02-43?
No. Uttara (IPU 94-1) is a separate ICAR-IIPR release for the north-west and north-east plains. It takes 80–85 days and gives 12–14 q/ha, but it is not recommended for the South Zone. IPU 02-43 is the South Zone release, with 70–72 days and 10–12 q/ha, so do not swap one for the other.
Can I save seed from IPU 02-43?
Yes. IPU 02-43 is an open-pollinated variety, not a hybrid, so seed from your crop grows true to type. Take seed from healthy plants with no yellow mosaic or powdery mildew, dry the pods fully and store the seed dry. Renew with certified seed after a few seasons.
Sourced from: Varieties — ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, Frontiers in Genetics (2026) — pedigree table for ICAR-IIPR blackgram releases. editorial policy.