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AvocadoAll seasonsGrafted planting material (A-type flowering)Updated 2 September 2026

Arka Supreme

India's first dedicated avocado release (2020), an A-type (morning-flowering) variety from ICAR-IIHR Chettalli with notably high oil content, after more than twenty years of local evaluation.

SeasonAll seasons
Maturity periodBears in 3–4 years as a grafted plant
Expected yield175–200 kg/mature tree
Suitable soilLoam

Quick facts

Crop
Avocado
Type
Grafted planting material (A-type flowering)
Season
All seasons
Maturity period
Bears in 3–4 years as a grafted plant
Expected yield
175–200 kg/mature tree
Suitable soil
Loam
Release
Released 2020 · ICAR-IIHR, Central Horticultural Experiment Station, Chettalli, Kodagu, Karnataka

About this variety

Arka Supreme is India's first purpose-bred avocado release, notified by ICAR-IIHR's Central Horticultural Experiment Station at Chettalli, Kodagu, in 2020. It emerged from the accession catalogued as CHES PA III-1, evaluated at the station for more than twenty years for fruit yield and quality before release. It is an A-type variety — its flowers open and function as female in the morning and as male in the afternoon of the following day, the opposite behaviour to a B-type variety — so planting it alongside a B-type tree such as Arka Coorg Ravi improves cross-pollination and fruit set. Fruit averages 400–450 g with a notably high fat (oil) content of 18–20%, and a well-managed mature tree can yield 175–200 kg of fruit per season.

Key characteristics

    Plant typeGrafted planting material (A-type flowering)
    MaturityBears in 3–4 years as a grafted plant
    Yield potential175–200 kg/mature tree
    Disease resistanceNot specifically documented; standard drainage and orchard hygiene manage Phytophthora root rot risk
    SoilLoam
    SeasonAll seasons

Sowing & cultivation

  • Spacing6–12 m depending on site vigour; 10 × 10 m is standard on hill slopes
  • FertilizerRoughly 1:1:1 NPK while young, moving to a higher-nitrogen and higher-potash ratio (roughly 2:1:2) once bearing regularly

Soil & climate

Soil

Suitable soil
Deep, well-drained loam; cannot tolerate waterlogging or saline soil

Yield & maturity

Maturity period

Bears in 3–4 years as a grafted plant

Expected yield

175–200 kg/mature tree

Actual yield depends on sowing time, soil, irrigation, weather, seed quality and crop management.

Pest & disease considerations

Advantages & considerations

Why farmers may choose it

  • India's first dedicated, locally bred avocado release, after two decades of on-station evaluation for yield and quality at Chettalli.
  • Notably high oil content (18–20%), a genuine quality edge for both fresh and processed use.
  • High yield potential (175–200 kg/mature tree) well above most older, ungrafted seedling trees.

Things to consider

  • As an A-type variety, planting it alone without a nearby B-type tree (such as Arka Coorg Ravi) may reduce cross-pollination and fruit set compared to a mixed planting.
  • Grafted planting material must be sourced from a licensed nursery — an ungrafted seedling will not reproduce these traits.

Suitable regions

Bred and evaluated at ICAR-IIHR's Chettalli station in Kodagu, Karnataka — suited more broadly to India's established avocado hill tracts, not exclusively Karnataka.

  • Karnataka

Sourced from: ICAR-IIHR — Avocado Farming: Arka Supreme & Arka Coorg Ravi, Enhancing avocado farming: Arka Coorg Ravi and Arka Supreme — Indian Horticulture (ICAR ePubs). editorial policy.