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AvocadoAll seasonsGrafted planting material (private nursery import)Updated 2 September 2026

Hass

The world's most widely grown commercial avocado cultivar, not an ICAR release — propagated as grafted plants by private Indian nurseries and reported specifically suited to Sikkim's conditions.

SeasonAll seasons
Maturity periodBears in 3–4 years as a grafted plant
Expected yieldHigh, internationally proven, though not separately measured under Indian conditions
Suitable soilLoam

Quick facts

Crop
Avocado
Type
Grafted planting material (private nursery import)
Season
All seasons
Maturity period
Bears in 3–4 years as a grafted plant
Expected yield
High, internationally proven, though not separately measured under Indian conditions
Suitable soil
Loam
Release
Not an ICAR release — an internationally known cultivar (originating California, 1920s) propagated in India by private nurseries

About this variety

Hass is the world's dominant commercial avocado cultivar, originating in California in the 1920s and now grown across most avocado-producing countries. It is not an ICAR-bred or India-released variety; in India it is propagated as grafted planting material by private nurseries and sold to growers directly, rather than through a government release programme. It is specifically reported as suitable to Sikkim's hill conditions, where the fruit matures to a distinctive purple-black, pebbled ("alligator") skin at ripeness, with medium-sized fruit and rich, creamy flesh — the same profile that makes it the reference variety for global avocado trade and the premium urban and export markets increasingly interested in Indian-grown fruit.

Key characteristics

    Plant typeGrafted planting material (private nursery import)
    MaturityBears in 3–4 years as a grafted plant
    Yield potentialHigh, internationally proven, though not separately measured under Indian conditions
    Disease resistanceNot specifically documented for Indian conditions
    SoilLoam
    SeasonAll seasons

Sowing & cultivation

  • Spacing6–12 m depending on site vigour; 10 × 10 m is standard on hill slopes
  • HarvestingPurple-black skin colour at maturity is the visual maturity cue; picked mature-firm and ripened off the tree over about 6–10 days, typically around July in Sikkim.

Soil & climate

Soil

Suitable soil
Deep, well-drained loam; cannot tolerate waterlogging or saline soil

Yield & maturity

Maturity period

Bears in 3–4 years as a grafted plant

Expected yield

High, internationally proven, though not separately measured under Indian conditions

Actual yield depends on sowing time, soil, irrigation, weather, seed quality and crop management.

Pest & disease considerations

Advantages & considerations

Why farmers may choose it

  • The globally reference commercial cultivar, giving growers a known, internationally recognised fruit profile for premium and export buyers.
  • Specifically reported to suit Sikkim's mid-altitude conditions.

Things to consider

  • No ICAR release exists for Hass in India — planting material and its true-to-type quality depend entirely on the reliability of the private nursery it is sourced from.
  • Disease resistance and yield under Indian conditions specifically are not separately documented; growers should rely on general orchard hygiene and drainage practice rather than assuming international performance figures transfer directly.

Suitable regions

Reported specifically suited to Sikkim's conditions; grafted plants are also propagated by private nurseries serving other hill-tract growing areas.

  • Sikkim

Sourced from: Avocado Production in India — FAO (Saurindra P. Ghosh). editorial policy.