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Jeera (Cumin)RabiOpen-pollinatedUpdated 1 September 2026

GC-1 (Gujarat Cumin-1)

Released in 1988 by Gujarat Agricultural University through recurrent selection — an early release still valued for tolerating all three of the crop's major diseases together.

SeasonRabi
Maturity period105–110 days
Expected yield7.0 q/ha
Suitable soilSandy / light soil

Quick facts

Crop
Jeera (Cumin)
Type
Open-pollinated
Season
Rabi
Maturity period
105–110 days
Seed rate
10–12 kg/ha for line sowing
Expected yield
7.0 q/ha
Suitable soil
Sandy / light soil
Release
Released 1988 · Gujarat Agricultural University, through recurrent single-parent selection

About this variety

GC-1 was developed by Gujarat Agricultural University through recurrent single-parent selection and released in 1988, making it one of the earliest dedicated cumin variety releases in India. It is described as an erect plant with pink flowers and bold, linear-oblong, ash-brown grain, and — unusually for a cumin variety — is reported tolerant of all three of the crop's major diseases at once: Fusarium wilt, Alternaria blight and powdery mildew. Its yield, at roughly 7.0 q/ha, is modest next to newer releases like GC-4, but its broad disease tolerance still makes it a reasonable choice on a field where more than one of these problems has shown up in the past.

Key characteristics

    Plant typeOpen-pollinated
    Maturity105–110 days
    Yield potential7.0 q/ha
    Disease resistanceTolerant to wilt, blight and powdery mildew
    SoilSandy / light soil
    SeasonRabi

Sowing & cultivation

  • Sowing timeMid-November to early December
  • Seed rate10–12 kg/ha for line sowing
  • Spacing30 cm between rows

Soil & climate

Soil

Suitable soil
Well-drained sandy loam

Yield & maturity

Maturity period

105–110 days

Expected yield

7.0 q/ha

Actual yield depends on sowing time, soil, irrigation, weather, seed quality and crop management.

Pest & disease considerations

Advantages & considerations

Why farmers may choose it

  • Rare among cumin varieties for tolerating wilt, blight and powdery mildew together, rather than just one.
  • A long-proven, well-understood variety with a multi-decade track record in Gujarat.

Things to consider

  • Its yield ceiling, around 7.0 q/ha, is well below newer high-yielding releases like GC-4 or GC-5 — the trade-off is broader disease cover, not top yield.

Suitable regions

States this variety is recommended for — check locally, since a state can have more than one recommended zone.

  • Gujarat

Sourced from: CUMIN VARIETIES — variety release records. editorial policy.