HMT 100-1
A 2008 release from ARS Hanumanmatti, UAS Dharwad, from RS 118 x PS 3. IIMR lists 90 to 95 days and 20 to 25 q/ha for Karnataka, high tillering and suited to early and late sowing.
Quick facts
- Type
- Open-pollinated
- Season
- Kharif
- Maturity period
- 90 to 95 days (IIMR)
- Seed rate
- IIMR crop-level rate: 8 to 10 kg a hectare for line sowing, 15 kg for broadcasting. No separate rate is published for HMT 100-1.
- Expected yield
- 20 to 25 q/ha (IIMR)
- Suitable soil
- Loam
- Release
- Released 2008 · RS 118 x PS 3, ARS Hanumanmatti, UAS Dharwad (IIMR table)
About this variety
HMT 100-1 is a foxtail millet developed at the Agricultural Research Station, Hanumanmatti, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, from the cross RS 118 x PS 3, and released in 2008. IIMR's released-variety table gives 90 to 95 days and an average yield of 20 to 25 q/ha for Karnataka, with high tillering and suitability for early and late sowing. IIMR's leaflet lists it among the popular cultivars of Karnataka. The table gives no disease rating, and the farm practice below is IIMR's crop-level practice for foxtail millet, not numbers measured on this variety.
Should you pick this variety?
Choose HMT 100-1 if you farm in Karnataka and your sowing date can slip, because IIMR says it is suited to early and late sowing and tillers strongly. It is the longest of the foxtail millets in IIMR's table at 90 to 95 days, with 20 to 25 q/ha. A 2008 release from UAS Dharwad (RS 118 x PS 3), it is listed for Karnataka only. If you want a short crop, Suryanandi (SiA 3088) matures in 70 to 75 days. If you want a disease rating, SiA 3085 is rated resistant to blast and downy mildew. HMT 100-1 has none in the table.
Key characteristics
Sowing & cultivation
- Sowing timeIIMR: July to August in Karnataka; July in Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh; August to September for a rabi crop in Tamil Nadu. Sow within 7 to 10 days of the monsoon onset to dodge shoot fly.
- Seed rateIIMR crop-level rate: 8 to 10 kg a hectare for line sowing, 15 kg for broadcasting. No separate rate is published for HMT 100-1.
- IrrigationMostly a rainfed crop. A kharif crop needs no or very little irrigation; give 1 to 2 irrigations if a dry spell runs long (IIMR). A summer crop needs 2 to 5.
- FertilizerIIMR crop-level dose: 40 kg nitrogen, 20 kg P2O5 and 20 kg K2O a hectare, with all the P2O5 and half the nitrogen at sowing and the rest of the nitrogen at 30 days. Compost or FYM at 5 to 10 t/ha about a month before sowing. Adjust by a soil test.
- HarvestingIIMR: foxtail millet is ready 80 to 90 days after sowing; HMT 100-1 is listed at 90 to 95 days, so plan the harvest later than for the shorter lines
Soil & climate
Soil
- Suitable soil
- Moderately fertile, well-drained soil; it grows on soils from sandy to heavy clay but not under waterlogging (IIMR)
Climate
- Climate
- Grows better where annual rainfall is 500 to 700 mm. It cannot stand waterlogging or extreme drought (IIMR).
Yield & maturity
Maturity period
90 to 95 days (IIMR)
Expected yield
20 to 25 q/ha (IIMR)
Actual yield depends on sowing time, soil, irrigation, weather, seed quality and crop management.
Pest & disease considerations
Major diseases
Major pests
- Shoot fly: sow early, raise the seed rate a little, pull out dead-heart seedlings, or treat the seed with Imidacloprid or Thiamethoxam (IIMR)
- Army worm, cut worm and leaf-scraping beetle: occasional, but can turn serious
Management notes
- Weeding: two inter-cultivations and one hand weeding in a line-sown crop; a tyne-harrow pass at 30 days also helps (IIMR).
- Seed: treat with Carbendazim at 2 g a kg before sowing, and sow 2 to 3 cm deep.
Advantages & considerations
Why farmers may choose it
- High tillering and suited to early and late sowing, says IIMR.
- A 20 to 25 q/ha listing from a Karnataka station, with Karnataka as its named state.
Things to consider
- The longest duration in IIMR's foxtail table, 90 to 95 days, which means a later harvest and a longer wait for the field.
- No disease rating, and listed for Karnataka only.
Suitable regions
States this variety is recommended for — check locally, since a state can have more than one recommended zone.
- Karnataka
Early or late sowing: count the 90 to 95 days
IIMR gives the Karnataka kharif sowing window as July to August, and calls HMT 100-1 suited to early and late sowing. Do the sum for your date. Sown on 15 July, a 90 to 95 day crop is ready around 13 to 18 October. Sown on 15 August, it is ready around 13 to 18 November. The later date pushes the harvest into the cooler, drier weeks, so plan the threshing floor and the drying space for that.
IIMR also says early sowing within 7 to 10 days of the monsoon onset helps dodge shoot fly. A line that takes late sowing well is a cushion, not a reason to wait. Sow early when the soil is moist, and keep late sowing as the fallback if a dry spell holds you back. Its high tillering also means plants can fill the row, so ask your KVK whether to trim the seed rate within IIMR's 8 to 10 kg a hectare.
Can you save seed from this crop?
This is an open-pollinated variety, so seed from a healthy crop of your own can be sown again. Keep seed only from disease-free plants, dry it properly, store it cool and dry, and bring in fresh certified seed every three to four years so the variety does not drift.
How it compares with other varieties
Every Foxtail Millet (Kangni) variety with a page on this site, side by side. The row for this page is highlighted.
| Variety | Best for | Starts bearing | Yield | States |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co (Te) 7 | Tamil Nadu rainfed kharif and rabi; rust resistance, protein and fodder | 85 to 90 days (IIMR and TNAU) | 18 to 19 q/ha (IIMR); mean 1,855 kg/ha in TNAU trials, 2000 to 2004 | Tamil Nadu |
| HMT 100-1this page | Karnataka plots where the sowing date is uncertain and you can spare a longer 90 to 95 day crop | 90 to 95 days (IIMR) | 20 to 25 q/ha (IIMR) | Karnataka |
| Krishnadevaraya (SiA 2593) | Andhra Pradesh rainfed plots where you want a long-tested line noted for seed yield | 85 to 90 days (IIMR) | 20 to 22 q/ha (IIMR) | Andhra Pradesh |
| Lepakshi | Rayalaseema dry land; an older drought-tolerant selection | 82 to 85 days (IIMR) | 18 to 20 q/ha (IIMR) | Andhra Pradesh, Telangana |
| Narasimharaya | Grain and straw plots in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka | About 80 to 90 days (IIMR crop-level figure; none published for this variety) | Second-highest grain yield of six varieties at Ananthapuramu; no kg figure published | Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh |
| PS 4 | Farmers in any of the seven states IIMR names who want one short, widely adapted line with a long track record | 80 to 85 days (IIMR) | 18 to 20 q/ha (IIMR) | Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh |
| SiA 3085 | Grain-first plots; blast and downy mildew resistance | 80 to 85 days (IIMR) | 20 to 30 q/ha (IIMR); highest grain yield of six varieties at Ananthapuramu | Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh |
| SiA 3088 (Suryanandi) | A short season and double-cropping plans | 70 to 75 days (IIMR) | 20 to 25 q/ha (IIMR); behind SiA 3156 in Prakasam farmer fields | Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu |
| SiA 3156 | Fertilised plots; one of the widest state lists | 85 to 90 days (IIMR) | 20 to 25 q/ha (IIMR); 16.3 q/ha in Prakasam farmer fields | Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand |
| SiA 326 | An older, long-tested check for rainfed plots | About 80 to 90 days (IIMR crop-level figure; none published for SiA 326) | 1,477 kg/ha as the national check in TNAU trials; no release-table figure | Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand |
| Sri Lakshmi (Srilaxmi) | Andhra Pradesh farmers who already grow it, or want a short, seed-yield line that the trials often use as a comparison | 80 to 85 days (IIMR) | 20 to 23 q/ha (IIMR) | Andhra Pradesh |
| TNAU 186 | Dry-land plots in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka where a short crop and drought tolerance matter more than top yield | 80 to 85 days (IIMR) | 18 to 20 q/ha (IIMR) | Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka |
Tools for this crop
The numbers you need next: how much seed to buy, whether the lot germinates, what the fertilizer bill looks like and what Foxtail Millet (Kangni) is selling for.
- Seed Rate CalculatorHow much seed your Foxtail Millet (Kangni) plot needs, corrected for the germination of the lot you bought.
- Germination CalculatorTest 100 seeds from the bag before sowing and see whether the lot is fit to sow.
- Seed Variety FinderFilter every Foxtail Millet (Kangni) variety on this site by state, season, duration and soil.
- Fertilizer CalculatorTurn the NPK recommendation for Foxtail Millet (Kangni) into bags of urea, DAP and MOP for your field size.
- Crop CalendarMonth-by-month sowing, weeding, irrigation and harvest dates for Foxtail Millet (Kangni) in your state.
- Crop Profit CalculatorPut your seed, labour and input costs against the yield you expect from this variety.
- Mandi Price CheckerToday's Foxtail Millet (Kangni) rate in your nearest mandi, before you fix a price with a trader.
Subsidy and government support
Schemes that help with the cost of Foxtail Millet (Kangni) seed or planting material. Rules and the application route are on each scheme page.
Frequently asked questions
What is HMT 100-1?
A foxtail millet released in 2008 by ARS Hanumanmatti, UAS Dharwad, from RS 118 x PS 3. IIMR lists 90 to 95 days and 20 to 25 q/ha for Karnataka, high tillering, suited to early and late sowing.
Why is HMT 100-1 called suited to early and late sowing?
IIMR's table gives that as its special feature, next to high tillering, and gives no trial or yield by sowing date. Take it as a station observation and sow early when the soil is moist.
HMT 100-1 or SiA 3085 in Karnataka?
IIMR lists both for Karnataka. HMT 100-1 is 90 to 95 days, 20 to 25 q/ha, high tillering. SiA 3085 is 80 to 85 days, 20 to 30 q/ha, rated resistant to blast and downy mildew. If disease has hurt you or your season is short, lean to SiA 3085.
Can I grow HMT 100-1 outside Karnataka?
IIMR lists it for Karnataka only and we found no trial from another state. Ask your KVK before you plant a large area elsewhere, and try a small block first.
Sourced from: Salient features of released varieties of foxtail millet crops (1989 to 2012) — ICAR-IIMR, Foxtail Millet brochure (state-wise popular cultivars, sowing, seed rate, fertiliser, pests and diseases) — ICAR-IIMR. editorial policy.