HD 3086 (Pusa Gautami)
A widely grown wheat variety for timely-sown irrigated fields, bred with strong rust resistance — though some leaf-rust strains now overcome it.
Quick facts
- Crop
- Wheat
- Type
- Bread wheat variety
- Season
- Rabi
- Maturity period
- 143–148 days
- Seed rate
- 100 kg/ha at timely sowing. In Punjab, PAU puts it at 40 kg per acre for drill sowing and 45 kg per acre with a Happy Seeder
- Expected yield
- About 54.56 q/ha average; up to 71 q/ha in trials
- Suitable soil
- Loam
- Disease resistance
- Bred resistant to yellow & brown rust; some leaf-rust pathotypes have overcome it
- Release
- Notified 2014 · ICAR-IARI, New Delhi · North Western Plains Zone, timely-sown irrigated (later extended to North Eastern Plains Zone)
Actual yield depends on sowing time, soil, irrigation, weather, seed quality and crop management.
About this variety
HD 3086 (Pusa Gautami) was bred by ICAR-IARI, New Delhi and notified in 2014 for timely-sown, irrigated cultivation in the North Western Plains Zone — later extended to the North Eastern Plains Zone too. It overtook HD 2967 in farmer uptake within a few years, at one point accounting for roughly a third of all IARI wheat seed indented nationally, on the strength of a higher yield ceiling and, at release, strong slow-rusting resistance to yellow and brown rust. Its milling quality — 12.5% protein, a 45 ml sedimentation value and the best possible Glu-1 score of 10/10 — also made it attractive to flour mills.
Should you pick this variety?
Pick HD 3086 (Pusa Gautami) if you can irrigate on time through the season and want a higher yield ceiling than HD 2967: about 54.6 q/ha on average and up to 71 q/ha in trials. Flour mills like its bread-making quality (12.5% protein and the best Glu-1 score of 10/10). Do not pick it if water is short, because yield drops sharply with restricted irrigation. Some leaf-rust strains (77-5 and 77-9) have overcome its resistance in places, so keep watching the crop. If rust has already hit HD 3086 in your area, look at DBW 187 or HD 3226.
Sowing & cultivation
- Sowing time1–15 November in the north-west plains (ICAR-IIWBR). In Punjab, PAU allows sowing from the fourth week of October to the fourth week of November
- Seed rate100 kg/ha at timely sowing. In Punjab, PAU puts it at 40 kg per acre for drill sowing and 45 kg per acre with a Happy Seeder
- SpacingRows 15–20 cm apart, seed 4–6 cm deep. With a Happy Seeder PAU advises 20 cm rows for better weed control (PAU)
- IrrigationFirst irrigation about 21 days after sowing at crown root initiation; later ones at first node (45 days), jointing (65), boot (85), milk (105) and dough (120)
- Fertilizer150:60:40 kg NPK/ha for timely-sown irrigated north-plains fields, one-third of the nitrogen at sowing with all the phosphorus and potash (ICAR-IIWBR). PAU's Punjab dose is 50 kg N and 25 kg P2O5 per acre
- HarvestingAbout 143 days from sowing to maturity under timely-sown irrigated conditions; ICAR trials report an average yield near 5.46 t/ha with potential up to 7.1 t/ha
Soil & climate
Soil
- Suitable soil
- Well-drained loam — the standard recommendation for irrigated wheat in the North Western Plains
Climate
- Climate
- Yield falls well short of its potential under moisture-deficit or restricted-irrigation conditions — this variety needs dependable irrigation through the season more than older, lower-ceiling releases do
Pest & disease considerations
Major diseases
Management notes
- Scout for leaf rust through the season even though HD 3086 was bred rust-resistant — leaf-rust pathotypes 77-5 and 77-9 have been documented overcoming its original resistance in some areas
- Don't skip an irrigation to save water — yield drops sharply under moisture-deficit conditions compared with a fully irrigated field
Advantages & considerations
Why farmers may choose it
- Among the higher-yielding timely-sown irrigated wheats bred for the North Western Plains — average 5.46 t/ha, trial potential up to 7.1 t/ha
- Best possible bread-making quality score (Glu-1 10/10) alongside strong protein and sedimentation values — millers pay for it as much as farmers grow it for the yield
- Became the most widely indented IARI wheat variety within a few years of release, so seed and local know-how are both easy to find
Things to consider
- Marker-assisted studies have found leaf rust field pathotypes 77-5 and 77-9 now overcome its original resistance in places — don't treat it as rust-proof
- Needs dependable irrigation — yield falls well short of potential under moisture-deficit or restricted-irrigation conditions
- Bred and recommended for the North Western and North Eastern Plains Zones under timely-sown irrigated management specifically
Suitable regions
States this variety is recommended for — check locally, since a state can have more than one recommended zone.
- Punjab
- Haryana
- Delhi
- Rajasthan
- Uttar Pradesh
- Jammu and Kashmir
- Himachal Pradesh
- Uttarakhand
Water first: this one punishes a missed irrigation
The 54.6 q/ha average and the 71 q/ha trial figure both come from fields watered on time all season. Under moisture shortage or restricted irrigation this variety falls well short of that, and it falls further than older, lower-ceiling wheats do. A high ceiling and a dependable canal or tubewell go together here.
If your water comes in turns and a turn can be missed, HD 2967 or DBW 187 will disappoint you less. If you can water on time, the same trait that needs the water also gives you the milling grain: 12.5% protein, a 45 ml sedimentation value and a 10 out of 10 Glu-1 score, which is what flour mills ask for.
Can you keep your own planting material?
This is an open-pollinated variety, so seed from a healthy crop of your own can be sown again. Keep seed only from disease-free plants, dry it properly, store it cool and dry, and bring in fresh certified seed every three to four years so the variety does not drift.
How it compares with other varieties
Every Wheat variety with a page on this site, side by side. The row for this page is highlighted.
| Variety | Best for | Maturity | Yield | States |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DBW 187 (Karan Vandana) | Fields with rust trouble; iron-rich grain | 120 days (North Eastern Plains); 157 days (North Western Plains trials) | Average 61.3 q/ha, up to 96.6 q/ha in best trial (NW Plains); 48.8 average, 64.7 potential (NE Plains) | Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar, Jharkhand, Assam, West Bengal |
| HD 2967 | Well-known variety for timely-sown irrigated fields | About 143 days in the North Western Plains Zone | Around 50 q/ha in the North Western Plains Zone under timely-sown, irrigated conditions | Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand |
| HD 3086 (Pusa Gautami)this page | High yield where irrigation is dependable; good milling quality | 143–148 days | About 54.56 q/ha average; up to 71 q/ha in trials | Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand |
| HD 3226 (Pusa Yashasvi) | Wide disease protection; high protein and zinc | 142 days | 57–80 q/ha | Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand |
Tools for this crop
The numbers you need next: how much seed to buy, whether the lot germinates, what the fertilizer bill looks like and what Wheat is selling for.
- Seed Rate CalculatorHow much seed your Wheat plot needs, corrected for the germination of the lot you bought.
- Germination CalculatorTest 100 seeds from the bag before sowing and see whether the lot is fit to sow.
- Seed Variety FinderFilter every Wheat variety on this site by state, season, duration and soil.
- Fertilizer CalculatorTurn the NPK recommendation for Wheat into bags of urea, DAP and MOP for your field size.
- Crop CalendarMonth-by-month sowing, weeding, irrigation and harvest dates for Wheat in your state.
- Crop Profit CalculatorPut your seed, labour and input costs against the yield you expect from this variety.
- Mandi Price CheckerToday's Wheat rate in your nearest mandi, before you fix a price with a trader.
Subsidy and government support
Schemes that help with the cost of Wheat seed or planting material. Rules and the application route are on each scheme page.
Frequently asked questions
HD 3086 or DBW 187: which holds up better against rust?
DBW 187 was bred with resistance to leaf rust and leaf blight, and it is the recommended step up where HD 3086's resistance has slipped. Some leaf-rust strains (77-5 and 77-9) overcome HD 3086 in places. Still scout both through the season.
What is HD 3086 wheat?
A bread-wheat variety bred by ICAR-IARI, New Delhi and notified in 2014 for timely-sown, irrigated fields in the North Western Plains Zone, later extended to the North Eastern Plains.
How many days does HD 3086 take to mature?
Plan on 143 to 148 days from sowing to maturity under timely-sown, irrigated conditions. HD 2967 takes about 143 days, so the two come free at nearly the same time.
What is the yield potential of HD 3086?
ICAR trials report an average yield around 5.46 t/ha, with potential up to 7.1 t/ha under good irrigated management.
Is HD 3086 resistant to rust?
It was bred with strong resistance to yellow and brown rust, but marker-assisted studies have found some leaf rust field pathotypes (77-5, 77-9) now overcome that resistance in places — scout it like any other variety.
Which regions are suitable for HD 3086?
The North Western Plains Zone — Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan (excluding Kota and Udaipur divisions), western Uttar Pradesh (excluding Jhansi), Kathua district of Jammu & Kashmir, Una and Paonta Valley of Himachal Pradesh, and the Tarai region of Uttarakhand — and, more recently, the North Eastern Plains Zone.
Can I grow HD 3086 if water is short?
It is not a good fit. HD 3086 needs dependable irrigation, and its yield falls well short of potential under restricted irrigation. Do not skip an irrigation to save water. If you can irrigate on time through the season, it gives about 54.6 q/ha on average.
HD 3086 or HD 3226: which one should I sow?
ICAR says HD 3226 is equal to HD 3086 in average yield over locations, but better in potential yield. It has about 10.65% more protein and less Karnal bunt, flag smut and foot rot. HD 3086 has a longer track record and its seed is easy to find. Pick HD 3226 if you want wider disease protection. Pick HD 3086 if you want the variety you know.
When should I harvest HD 3086?
It matures in 143–148 days from a timely sowing under irrigation. Harvest once the grain is hard rather than waiting for the straw to go fully pale, because a standing ripe crop loses grain to shattering and to any late storm.
Can I sow HD 3086 late?
It was notified for timely-sown irrigated conditions, so late sowing is outside what it was tested for. You can sow it late, but expect the yield to fall. If your field is going to be free only in December, pick a variety notified for late sowing instead.
Sourced from: HD 3086: A new wheat variety for irrigated, timely sown condition of North Western Plains Zone of India — Journal of Cereal Research (ICAR ePubs), Marker assisted improvement for leaf rust and moisture deficit stress tolerance in wheat variety HD3086 — PMC, Wheat Cultivation in India — Pocket Guide (EB-52), ICAR-IIWBR Karnal: zone-wise sowing time, seed rate and fertiliser dose, Package of Practices for Rabi Crops, Punjab Agricultural University: HD 3086 sowing window, seed rate and fertiliser dose for Punjab. editorial policy.